Victorian Era and Manifestos

The Victorian Era reminds me of the Rococo designs of the 1730s because of the fancy work. However, in Rococo, it was intricate and delicate, while in the Victorian Era, it was CRAZY, not delicate. Everything was mushed together, too much was in Victorian Era posters, promotion cards, and scrap cards. It blows my mind that so much crap was "collaged" together without much thought. Styles didn't match. In posters, aesthetic was literally a confusion because of all the over the top stuff. Posters were just overly suffocated/stuffed. Blackletter and other types with fancy designs that do not go with each other makes the Victorian Era prints recognizable in time.

1837 chromolithography

The first iron printing press made in 1800 by Earl Stanhope. Greater force with less human power because of gear system. An advancement compared to the Guttenburg press.

Steam powered double cylinder press. Double = more impressions. 

Lutites= people against new technologies.

Penny papers... newspapers made with steam press. broader audience because of low price. Newspapers start to sell ADs to make money.

John Hooper: The first AD man. They go to newspapers and get your AD into the paper. The first AD agency. 

Ottmar Mergenthaller in 1886 finished the linotype machine. A line of type machine. Iron cast. Lead bar was called a mouse. Interesting how the current computer terminology relates to the linotype machine. 

Victorian Era Graphics are marked by their aesthetic confusion. OVER THE TOP. SUFFOCATED PRINTS. Marked by strong moral and religious beliefs. So much stuff made that most of it was crap. The design and the quality was not cared. So much stuff. Blackletter and other types with fancy designs that do not go with eachother. So much going on.

Lithography: stone printing. drawing directly on the stone. blends of color possible, and text in bent directions. chromolithography, with color.

Ephemera: printed things not meant to be collected (like movie tickets and street posters)

Scrapcards: printed on chromolithic. Promotion cards with little colored pictures. Promotion of entertainment. early 1900s. 1880s. Idealized images of youth in children. pattern work and texture. Exotic animals. Flowers. Illusion of depth: Tromploy. Father Christmas. TYPICAL WORK OF LUIS PRANG.

Packaging. Start of big companies with "brand" and logo. Printing on tin. Chromolithography allows printing on tin. ADs get sneaky.

Letterpress, 1866. use illusion of depth with size type changes. good for small type, structure, and organization.

Mixed, 1856. use of wood type, paste in a chromoprint. use the best means of production techniques.

Woodcut, 1856. light wood= bigger letters to print bigger posters.

Walter Crane's Absurd ABC, 1874. Children's book. Randolph Caldecott and Kate Greenaway were another two children's illustrators. 

Harper's company. Newspapers, magazines, and Bibles made. 

Thomas Nast: father of political cartoon. made Uncle Sam, Republican elephant and Democrats donkey. 

Bicycle came out and was the popular thing. In posters.

Heinz. pickle. gallery-like building for Heinz with artwork and workers. Female workforce. 

Manifestos. Beautiful things are valuable just because they're valuable. 

William Morris was a wealthy philosopher during the manifestos. He rethinks about society, to return to the old high quality of craftsmanship. Flawed philosophy because it costs more money to make things of better quality than the quick industrial workmanship.